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Astronomers
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Imhotep, Architect Pyramid of Djoser
Imhotep (meaning "the one who comes in, with peace") was an Egyptian polymath, who served under the Third Dynasty king, Djoser, as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis. He is considered to be the first engineer, a... |
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Anaximander of Miletus, Philosopher
Anaximander, Ionian philosopher of Miletus, the first Greek known to have written (c.546) a book in prose, a treatise on nature, now lost except for one quotation. It was said that he introduced into Greece the gnomon (the vertical rod whose shadow i... |
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Aristarchus, Sun at center of Universe
Aristarchus of Samosis the first person we know of who suggested that the earth might go around the sun and not the other way around. He figured this out by looking at the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the moon (now that Thales... |
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Hipparchus, Astronomer
Hipparchus was the most important Greek astronomers of his time. He very accurately cataloged over 1,000 stars and invented the mathematical science of trigonometry. Ptolemy was a great admirer of Hipparchus's research and recorded some of it in his... |
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Ptolemy, Astronomer / Geographer
Ptolemy was a Roman citizen of Greek or Egyptian ancestry. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer and a poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. He lived in Egypt under the Roman Empire. Ptolemy was the author of several s... |
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Ibn al-Haytham, Father of Optics
Ibn al-Haytham was an Arab or Persian Muslim polymath who made significant contributions to the principles of optics, as well as to anatomy, astronomy, engineering, mathematics, medicine, ophthalmology, philosophy, physics, psychology, visual percept... |
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Maimonides, Jewish Philosopher
Moses Maimonides is regarded by many as the greatest Jewish philosopher ever. As a doctor, rabbi, religious scholar, mathematician, astronomer, and commentator on the art of medicine, his influence has spanned centuries and cultures. He was born in S... |
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Toscanelli, Italian Mathematician
Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and cosmographer. Toscanelli is noted for his observations of comets and the painstaking calculation of their orbits. Among these was the comet of 1456; only named Halley's comet wh... |
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Nicholas of Cusa, Polymath
Nicholas of Kues, also referred to as Nicolaus Cusanus and Nicholas of Cusa, was a cardinal of the Catholic Church from Germany (Holy Roman Empire), a philosopher, jurist, mathematician, and an astronomer. He is widely considered one of the great gen... |
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Regiomontanus, Astronomer / Mathematician
Regiomontanus, real name Johannes Müller, a mathematician and astronomer, was a priest who studied in Vienna and in Rome, acquiring in addition to mathematical skills a knowledge of Greek, an unusual accomplishment at that time. In 1471, with the sup... |
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Copernicus, Earth moves around the Sun
Nicolaus Copernicus was the first astronomer to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology, which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. His epochal book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Sp... |
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Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe was born in Skane, then in Denmark, now in Sweden. His contributions to astronomy were enormous. He not only designed and built instruments, he also calibrated them and checked their accuracy periodically. He thus revolutionized astronomi... |
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Galileo Galilei, Father of Modern Science
Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support fo... |
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Johannes Kepler, Laws Planetary Motion
Johannes Kepler is now chiefly remembered for discovering the three laws of planetary motion that bear his name published in 1609 and 1619). He also did important work in optics (1604, 1611), discovered two new regular polyhedra (1619), gave the firs... |
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Pierre Gassendi, French Scientist
Pierre Gassendi was a French philosopher, priest, scientist, astronomer/astrologer, and mathematician, best known for attempting to reconcile Epicurean atomism with Christianity and for publishing the first official observations of the Transit of Mer... |
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